A split system consists of two separate units: an indoor unit (evaporator) and an outdoor unit (condenser). The units are connected to each other by electrical wires and two copper tubes through which the refrigerant (freon) flows. There is also a thin plastic pipe (drainage) from the indoor unit to the outside – to remove the condensed moisture. Ideally it should be connected to a drain (sewage) pipe or to a special tank, but often it is just taken outside.
If the room needs to be cooled, the freon flows from the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit through one copper pipe to the heat exchanger of the indoor unit. There it is blown by the fan, as a result of which the cold air comes out of the indoor unit. If the air in the room needs to be heated, the heat pump turns the external condenser into an evaporator and the evaporator becomes the condenser. Installation should be carried out by professionals licensed to install air conditioners, following the instructions and using special tools.